Nano Technology is well known to be a great innovation in the world. The nanorobots (simple mechanical robots in nanoscale) are originated with the advancement of Nanotechnology. Recently, nanobots are performing numerous critical functions in various fields including medicine. Their performances in miniature world are much powerful that, they are used to accomplish tasks which are difficult for the humans to perform.
Effective performance of Nano robots in medicine
The origination of Nanorobots has created a revolutionized era in nanomedicine. Nanorobots have the potential to transform the diagnosis of diseases like cancer and neurodegeneration, as well as open up new avenues for precision drug delivery and even direct organ repair. The use of nanorobots in medicine is becoming more common, which means there is a larger likelihood of using nanomedicine to treat chronic diseases like cancer. Herein, nanorobots are used as fighters for some diseases.
On the other hand, nanomedicine is a section of medicine that applies nanotechnology expertise to the prevention and treatment of serious diseases like cancers and heart diseases. Nanorobots, according to researchers, can entirely replace pacemakers by directly treating heart cells. Doctors can use Nanoscale materials, like biocompatible nanoparticles and nanorobots in medicine, to sense the actuation purposes in living creatures, thanks to recent breakthroughs in Nanotechnology. And also, further advancements in the nanomedicine market may open doors to prospects such as the generation of artificial antibodies, white blood cells, red blood cells, and antiviral nanobots.
Why Nanorobots are using in medicine?
Nanorobots in medicine consists of biomedical instrumentation, pharmacokinetics, previous diagnosis, and aimed drug delivery, surgery, and also health care. The features of nanorobots would allow preserving and interpreting past data, discover patterns, and hence did in the prediction of an illness’s onset. Also, nanorobots can be steered externally according to a set of instructions and transport payloads such as medications or healthy cells to a specified area within the body.
Not only that, nanorobots like technologies can be coupled with wireless transmitters, allowing doctors to switch treatment methods when a patient’s medical conditions get worsen. They can be implanted into a patient’s nervous system to track their pulse and brainwave activity. On the other hand, conventional water-soluble medications might cause problems in the therapy process, such as poor absorption in sick areas. Instead of that, nanorobots are providing direct access to diseased areas by monitoring the interior chemistry of the organs in the body. Nanorobots could administer medicine directly to target cells in the future, rather than treating patients systematically. Furthermore, nanorobots are able to stay in our bodies, detecting damages such as plaque accumulation in our arteries during atherosclerosis and taking the necessary steps to clear them up.
Applications of Nano robots
Recently, many reliable applications for nanorobotics introduce to various fields of medicine.
Hematology
Hematology is the experiment of blood and blood-related disorders. thein, Hematology is one of the fields that have the potential to apply the nanorobots. Nano robotics in hematology is being studied for a wide range of applications, from emergency transfusions of non-blood oxygen- carrying molecules to restoring primary hemostasis . According to that, a nanorobot known as respirocyte is one of these technologies currently in development. As it passes through the bloodstream, this robot is equipped with three functions. Initially, as oxygen, flows through the respiratory system, it is collected and distributed throughout the bloodstream. Then, carbon dioxide is collected from tissues and released into the lungs. Finally, it must metabolize circulating glucose in order to maintain its own functions. When compared to red blood cells, the respirocyte is engineered to carry 236 times more oxygen per unit of volume. This provides safe and effective alternative to blood transfusions.
Hemostasis process
This is another area where nanorobots are applicable. It is a process of balancing fibrinolysis and thrombosis. Hemostasis can be quite effective in stopping bleeding and promoting vessel healing when done correctly. On the other hand, it has certain constraints also. They are, a five minute average bleeding time, which nanorobots can help overcome. Patients who get platelet transfusions run the risk of contracting infections and provoking and immunological response.
Dentistry
Dentistry also identify as a area of using nanorobots. Nano robots are mostly used in dental treatments. Teeth whitening, cleaning are just a few of the applications. Nano robots can be used in practically every area of dental care. Especially, the ability to control these nanorobots from central location would be beneficial. It is also possible to use nanorobots in treatments like root canal fillings or infection treatment. Nano robots can be encased in highly specialized proteins to bind pathogens for infection treatment. When we discussing about the performance of these robots, it has a tiny camera and at allows visualization of the root during a surgery. And also, nano robots may also useful in the treatment of dental problems such as hypertrophy.
Phagocytic Agents
Nano robotics used as phagocytic agents. These kinds of robots are named as ‘Microbivores’. The external surface of these robots would be designed to have a large number of customizable binding sites for pathogens or antigens from HIV to E. coli. When we talking about the effectiveness of Microbivores, they are 80 times more powerful than our natural phagocytic skills, and may be able to eliminate septicemia within hours of administration.
Enzyme – proprelled nanorobot
This type of nanorobots have outstanding acid-driven , self-propulsive features and high capacity in cargo loading. The enzymes breaks down the urea into gaseous components, urea- coated nanotubes become a propulsion system in a urea containing liquid. Tubes constantly contain tiny asymmetries, the reaction products generate a current in the liquid. This drug delivery process is considered as an efficient way.
Sugar-level monitoring bots
In order to perform the sugar level monitoring, specific sensor nanobots insering into the blood, an electrical impulse signal is emitted by microchips covered with human molecules, and the sugar level in the blood may be measured. A significant advantage of using nanorobots for drug delivery is the ability to modulate the electrical pulse, which allows for precise control of the amount and timing of drug release to a specific spot.
The advantages of nanorobots in field of medicine are enormous. Therefore, most of the top rated companies are investing in research and development in this area. The commercial advantage that nanobots provide is that they are extremely durable. Theoretically, they can operate for years without any damage owing to their miniature size, which reduces mechanical damage.
